Founded by the Romans in the middle of the 2nd century BC, it became the capital of Later Hispania in the time of the Roman Republic, in addition to the province Betica, being one of the most prosperous and cultured cities of the Roman Empire. After the Muslim invasion of Hispania in the century. VIII, the city rose as the capital of the Emirate of Córdoba, while in the 10th century during the Caliphate of Córdoba it became one of the main cities in the world both in population and for its medical, mathematical, artistic, philosophical, literary, scientific, etc. It had an important Christian and Jewish community that dwindled over time due to repression by the Muslim authorities.6 7 8 With the Castilian reconquest of 1236 by Ferdinand III, Córdoba returned to medieval Christian faith and customs.