The fortified town of Monemvasia sits upon a rocky peninsula off the east coast of the Peloponnese. Though the 300ft (100m) cliffs proved difficult to conquer, it's strategic position made it a pawn during treaty negotiations.

The lower town and cliff-top fortress were founded in the 6th century and initially served as a refuge during the Slavic and Avaric invasion of Greece. Later, the fortress withstood Arab and Norman invasions in 1147, but finally fell to Achaea after a three year siege in 1248. Over the next few hundred years it was ruled by the Byzantine Empire, then the Vatican, the Venetians, the Ottomans and finally the Greeks.

Today, the lower town has become a quaint tourist village while the upper fortress lies largely in ruins. It's worth the climb up though just to wander the walls and enjoy the views. Watch your step though - you don't want to fall into an ancient cistern!

Monemvasia is a worthy overnight stay. If you aren't up for driving, hop a 4 hour ferry from Athens.

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